Many countries have committed to reducing the use of fossil fuels and switching to renewable energy. This energy transition is expected to lower carbon emissions and help mitigate climate change.
However, the energy transition will not only impact the environment but also the global employment landscape.
"The energy transition will create 14 million new jobs in renewable energy by 2030 and encourage 5 million workers to shift from the fossil fuel sector," said the International Energy Agency (IEA) in its September 2022 World Energy Employment report.
According to the IEA report, in 2019, 18.2 million people worked in the global fossil fuel supply sector. This comprised 11.9 million workers in oil and gas supply and 6.3 million in coal supply.
The largest number of coal supply workers were in China, while the majority of oil and gas supply workers were in North America.
Combined, the largest fossil fuel energy supplier workforce was in China, with details as shown in the graph.
The IEA believes that skilled workers in the oil and gas supply sector possess transferable skills for the energy transition.
"Petroleum engineering experts are in high demand for geothermal energy development. Chemical engineering experts in oil and gas processing can also utilize their skills in green fuel and hydrogen energy production," said the IEA.
However, workers in the coal supply sector are considered less likely to transition to renewable energy jobs.
"The majority of coal sector workers are miners, making them more vulnerable to the energy transition," said the IEA.
In response, the IEA recommends that governments and companies create reskilling programs for energy sector workers.
"Reskilling programs are a key alternative for experienced energy sector workers considering a career change," said the IEA.
"Public institutions, the private sector, and academia need to coordinate more closely to design new training and curricula. This requires an understanding of the skills needed by energy workers to develop renewable energy," it continued.