According to the Global Food Security Index (GFSI), Indonesia's food security index in 2022 was 60.2, an improvement compared to the first two years of the pandemic.
Despite the improvement, Indonesia's food security this year remains lower than the global average of 62.2, and below the Asia Pacific average of 63.4.
However, compared to neighboring countries, Indonesia's food security is considered quite strong. In the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) group, Indonesia's food security ranks 4th.
The ASEAN countries with the best food security are Singapore, followed by Malaysia and Vietnam, as detailed in the graph.
The GFSI 2022 food security index is measured based on four indicators: food affordability, availability, quality and safety, and sustainability and adaptation.
The results of all these indicators are expressed as a score on a scale of 0-100. The higher the score, the better the food security is considered.
Singapore achieved a very good score in affordability, namely 93.2. Not only is this the best in ASEAN, but this score also places Singapore 2nd globally in terms of food price affordability.
However, Singapore received a poor score in the sustainability and adaptation indicator, namely 44.3. This figure is even worse than Indonesia, which has a sustainability and adaptation score of 46.3.
In the sustainability and adaptation indicator, the GFSI assesses the country's policies in adapting to climate change, environmental maintenance, and disaster management that can affect food supply security.
In this indicator, Indonesia and Singapore both received low scores because their climate change mitigation financing is considered still inadequate.
"The rate of climate change cannot be stopped without emission reductions from the food sector. Food security will also not be achieved without climate change prevention," said the GFSI team in its report.
"All stakeholders need to work together to build a strong food system that can withstand rising food demand, land limitations, and a warming climate," it continued.