In 2015, Jakarta recorded a 93 percent household access rate to adequate water, the highest among all Indonesian provinces.
Without citing specific data, water issues were a debated topic among the three gubernatorial candidate pairs in Jakarta, concerning public services. All three candidates believed that a significant portion of Jakarta's population still lacked access to clean, adequate water.
The Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) uses two definitions when measuring household access to adequate water. The latest calculation, used since 2011, includes both primary drinking water and water used for bathing and washing. Before 2011, the BPS only counted primary drinking water access.
The use of these two definitions resulted in differing records and contrasting results. In 2014, Jakarta recorded only a 21 percent household access rate to adequate water using the old definition. Using the new definition, the household access rate reached 92 percent.