The electric vehicle industry requires a variety of critical minerals for battery and component production.
According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), the most demanded mineral by the electric vehicle industry is graphite.
The IEA estimates that global demand for graphite in electric vehicle production reached 557,200 tons in 2022.
The next most demanded critical minerals are copper, nickel, manganese, lithium, and cobalt.
Meanwhile, the demand for other minerals, such as silicon, neodymium, praseodymium, dysprosium, and terbium, is significantly lower, as shown in the graph.
In total, the global electric vehicle industry is estimated to have used 1.47 million tons of critical minerals in 2022.
Demand for these minerals is projected to increase in the future, driven by the growing trend of electric vehicles and clean technologies.
The IEA projects that demand for graphite, copper, and lithium could increase by at least 2-3 times, while nickel demand could increase by at least 1.5 times by 2030 compared to current levels.
This projected growth in demand is expected to come from the electric vehicle industry, renewable energy batteries, and low-emission power plants.
The IEA also believes this will attract increased investment in the mining and mineral processing sectors.
"Based on our analysis of investment flows in the world's 20 largest mining companies, there has been a strong increase in capital expenditure for critical minerals, driven by the momentum of clean energy development," stated the IEA in its *Critical Minerals Market Review 2023*.
"Companies in the lithium sector increased capital expenditure by up to 50%, followed by copper and nickel companies. Chinese-based companies even doubled their investments in 2022," it continued.