Israel boasts a diverse range of industries and a sophisticated military defense system, both of which require substantial energy supplies.
According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), the majority of Israel's energy supply comes from fossil fuels, namely oil and natural gas.
The IEA defines total energy supply (TES) as the entire energy supply for all activities within a country, excluding international maritime and aviation activities.
The TES figure is calculated from the total energy produced and imported by a country, minus the amount of energy exported and used for international sea and air transport.
According to the IEA, in 2021 Israel had a total energy supply of 936 thousand terajoules. Approximately 39.6% of this supply came from petroleum, and 38.1% from natural gas.
The remaining supply comprised 17% from coal, 4.7% from wind/solar energy, and 0.7% from biofuels/waste, with the energy breakdown as shown in the graph.
Currently, Israel is also recorded as a net importer of fossil fuels.
This means that Israel imports or buys more fuel from other countries than it sells or exports.