5 Most Challenged Laws in History

Erlina Fury Santika 23/12/2025 12:33 WIB

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Since the Constitutional Court was established in 2003, five laws have been the most frequently challenged until 2025. Election laws rank first.

5 Laws Most Frequently Challenged Since the Constitutional Court Was Established (2003-2025*)

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5 Most Challenged Laws in History

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5 Laws Most Frequently Challenged Since the Constitutional Court Was Established (2003-2025*)

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The Constitutional Court (MK) reported that a number of laws (UU) have been challenged the most throughout the institution's history, from its formation in 2003 until 2025.

The establishment of the Constitutional Court, especially its authority to review regulations or conduct judicial review, is stipulated in Article 24C paragraph (1) of the 1945 Constitution, which is further elaborated in Law No. 24 of 2003 concerning the Constitutional Court.

Over more than two decades, Law No. 7 of 2017 concerning General Elections (Pemilu) has become the most frequently challenged regulation, reaching 174 times.

This Election Law is also included in the list of most challenged laws throughout 2025, ranking second after the TNI Law.

Next, Law No. 8 of 1981 concerning Criminal Procedure Law was challenged 89 times.

Slightly below that is Law No. 10 of 2016 concerning Regional Head Elections (Pilkada), which was challenged 87 times. In this list, regulations related to general elections dominate with 3 laws being tested.

Below are the details of the most challenged laws throughout the history of the Constitutional Court's formation, from 2003-2025:

Law No. 7 of 2017 concerning General Elections: 174 times
Law No. 8 of 1981 concerning Criminal Procedure Law: 89 times
Law No. 10 of 2016 concerning Regional Head Elections: 87 times
Law No. 18 of 2003 concerning Advocates: 44 times
Law No. 8 of 2015 concerning Regional Head Elections: 43 times.

Editor : Erlina Fury Santika

"Disclosure: This is an AI-generated translation of the original article. We strive for accuracy, but please note that automated translations may contain errors or slight inconsistencies."