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Most 'Female Breadwinners' in Indonesia in 2024 Work in Sole Proprietorships

Erlina Fury Santika 22/12/2025 17:25 WIB

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According to BPS, the majority of female breadwinners in Indonesia will be self-employed in 2024. This is followed by those working for the government and for-profit organizations.

Percentage of Female Breadwinners by Type of Workplace (2024)

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Percentage of Female Breadwinners by Type of Workplace (2024)

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The August 2024 National Labor Force Survey (Sakernas) from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) shows that the majority of female breadwinners in Indonesia worked in individual enterprises.

BPS defines female breadwinners as women who work and have the most dominant income in the household, or are even the primary income earners for their families.

The proportion of women in individual enterprises reached 60.79% of the total female breadwinners in 2024. BPS stated that there are driving factors behind this high proportion of individual enterprises.

"This condition indicates that the jobs chosen by female breadwinners tend to be due to greater time flexibility and barriers to accessing formal sector employment," BPS said, citing Budig's 2006 research.

The second most common type was working for profit-making institutions, at 19.78%. Not much different from individual enterprises, BPS assessed that this condition is driven by challenging economic factors for women.

"Such conditions are also caused by limited access to capital, education, and skills training, which traps many female breadwinners in low-income jobs and economic uncertainty," BPS said, citing the International Labour Organization (ILO)'s 2020 research.

There were also female breadwinners working in government institutions (12.15%), household enterprises (4.79%), and others (2.49%).

Overall, BPS recorded that female breadwinners in Indonesia accounted for 14.37% of the total workforce in Indonesia in 2024.

Editor : Erlina Fury Santika

"Disclosure: This is an AI-generated translation of the original article. We strive for accuracy, but please note that automated translations may contain errors or slight inconsistencies."

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Most 'Female Breadwinners' in Indonesia in 2024 Work in Sole Proprietorships

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