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Singapore is Indonesia's largest creditor. Data released by Bank Indonesia (August 22, 2016) shows that loans from Singapore totaled US$54.6 billion, or Rp709.4 trillion at an exchange rate of Rp13,000 per US dollar. This represents 30.9% of Indonesia's total external debt by creditor country, amounting to US$176.8 billion, covering both government and private sector debt.
The second largest creditor to Indonesia is the United Kingdom, with US$21.2 billion in loans. Japan ranks third with US$17.7 billion, followed by China in fourth place with US$13.3 billion.
Indonesia's total external debt reached US$323.8 billion, comprising: US$176.8 billion from creditor countries, US$29.1 billion from organizations, and US$117.9 billion from other sources.
"Disclosure: This is an AI-generated translation of the original article. We strive for accuracy,
but please note that automated translations may contain errors or slight inconsistencies."