Ethanol Life Cycle Emissions are Lower than Gasoline

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Adi Ahdiat 13/10/2025 13:50 WIB

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According to an RFA report, the lifecycle or combined processes of ethanol production, distribution, and consumption result in 46% lower greenhouse gas emissions compared to gasoline.

Greenhouse Gas Emissions from the Production-Distribution-Consumption Cycle of Ethanol and Gasoline (2022)*

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Greenhouse Gas Emissions from the Production-Distribution-Consumption Cycle of Ethanol and Gasoline (2022)*

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The Indonesian government plans to implement the E10 policy, which involves blending gasoline with 10% ethanol, in the coming years.

"E10 is not yet [implemented]; it is still under discussion and we are still conducting trials. Once it is declared clear and good, then we will proceed," said Minister of Energy and Mineral Resources Bahlil Lahadalia, as reported by Kompas.com (October 7, 2025).

"Yes, [E10 implementation will be] 2-3 years from now. So, we must calculate it carefully first," said Bahlil.

The practice of blending gasoline with ethanol has been carried out by various other countries for many years, with the aim of reducing greenhouse gas emissions and improving air quality.

This is because various studies state that ethanol is more environmentally friendly than gasoline. One such finding is evident in the report from the Renewable Fuels Association (RFA).

According to RFA data, the lifecycle, or the combined processes of production, distribution, and consumption of gasoline, generates emissions of 98.5 grams of carbon dioxide equivalent per 1 megajoule of energy (gCO2e/MJ).

On the other hand, the lifecycle of ethanol only generates emissions of 53.3 gCO2e/MJ.

"The carbon emission intensity from ethanol's lifecycle is currently about 46 percent lower than that of gasoline," the RFA stated in its report.

The RFA obtained these figures from calculations of emissions from the production, distribution, and consumption of corn-based ethanol.

The RFA also believes that ethanol production emissions can be reduced in the future by implementing low-emission agricultural technologies.

"Zero-carbon emissions in corn ethanol production is not a far-fetched concept. RFA members have committed to achieving a net-zero carbon footprint by 2050 or sooner, and have taken steps to meet that commitment," the RFA stated.

Editor : Adi Ahdiat

"Disclosure: This is an AI-generated translation of the original article. We strive for accuracy, but please note that automated translations may contain errors or slight inconsistencies."

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Ethanol Life Cycle Emissions are Lower than Gasoline

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