10 Cities with the Lowest Food Security in 2023

Subulussalam City had the lowest food security in Indonesia in 2023.

This is recorded in the *2023 Food Security Index* report released by the National Food Agency (Bapanas).

Bapanas defines "food security" as the condition of sufficient food availability at the national to individual level.

This condition is reflected in the availability of sufficient, quality, safe, diverse, nutritious, equitable, and affordable food that can support the community to live a healthy, active, and productive life sustainably.

Bapanas then created a Food Security Index (IKP) in 98 Indonesian cities based on two main assessment pillars: food affordability and utilization.

The assessment results are formulated into a score on a scale of 0–100. The higher the score, the better a city's food security is assumed to be, with the following classification system:

* Very Vulnerable: 0–28.84
* Vulnerable: >28.84–41.44
* Somewhat Vulnerable: >41.44–51.29
* Somewhat Secure: >51.29–61.13
* Secure: >61.13–70.64
* Very Secure: >70.64–100

Using this method, in 2023 there were 89 cities in Indonesia whose food security fell into the "very secure" category. Then 6 cities were classified as "secure", 2 cities as "somewhat secure", and 1 city as "vulnerable".

The following is a list of the 10 cities with the lowest IKP scores in Indonesia in 2023:

1. Subulussalam City, Aceh: 36.09 (Vulnerable)
2. Tual City, Maluku: 54.91 (Somewhat Secure)
3. Pagar Alam City, South Sumatra: 59.17 (Somewhat Secure)
4. Gunungsitoli City, North Sumatra: 65.13 (Secure)
5. Tidore Islands City, North Maluku: 65.83 (Secure)
6. Lubuklinggau City, South Sumatra: 66.26 (Secure)
7. Singkawang City, West Kalimantan: 68.12 (Secure)
8. Prabumulih City, South Sumatra: 68.83 (Secure)
9. Padang Sidempuan City, North Sumatra: 69.9 (Secure)
10. Tanjung Balai City, North Sumatra: 70.83 (Very Secure)