Indonesia's road network (excluding toll roads) spans 523,974 kilometers (km). This comprises national, provincial, and regency roads. Badan Pusat Statistik (BPS - Statistics Indonesia) reports that approximately 188,371 km, or 35.95% of the total road length, is located on the island of Sumatra. Java follows with 118,217 km, representing 22.56% of the national total.
Java and Sumatra are the most populous islands, particularly Sumatra. Despite Sumatra's roads not always being as smooth as those on Java, the existing infrastructure still adequately supports inter-regional connectivity. Meanwhile, the regions encompassing Indonesia's largest islands, Maluku and Papua, account for only 8.67% of the total road length in Indonesia, or approximately 45,418 km.
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