To anticipate climate change, various countries have developed technologies for capturing, utilizing, and storing carbon emissions, known as Carbon Capture, Utilization, and Storage (CCUS).
CCUS is a technology capable of capturing carbon dioxide (CO2) from the combustion of fossil fuels in industries or power plants, preventing its release into the atmosphere and reducing the intensity of the greenhouse effect.
With CCUS technology, CO2 emissions can be stored back in the earth by pumping them into depleted oil and gas wells or injecting them into saline aquifers, underground rock formations capable of storing CO2 and transforming it into a solid substance.
CCUS technology is even claimed to be able to pump CO2 emissions into mature oil and gas fields to help optimize their production. This process is also called Enhanced Oil Recovery (EOR).
According to the International Gas Union's (IGU) Gas Global Report 2022, the currently identified global potential for CO2 storage in depleted oil and gas wells reaches 2,900 gigatons. The potential for storage in global saline aquifers is approximately 20,000 gigatons.
The largest identified potential for CO2 storage is in North America, specifically in the United States (US), with a storage capacity of 12,177 gigatons.
"The US and Canada possess 54% of the total global CO2 storage capacity potential. Europe has a capacity of 22%, mainly in the offshore basins of Norway, the UK, the Netherlands, and Denmark," wrote the IGU in its report.
"The third-best region is Asia, with CO2 storage potential in mainland China and several Southeast Asian countries," the IGU continued.
The IGU considers this carbon capture, utilization, and storage technology vital for future climate change mitigation strategies.
According to Tutuka Ariadji, Director General of Oil and Gas at the Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources, Indonesia itself has a potential CO2 storage capacity of approximately 2 gigatons in depleted oil and gas wells and 9.68 gigatons in saline aquifers.
“Indonesia is currently finalizing a Ministerial Regulation to support the development of CCUS, and is involving stakeholders, including European countries, to obtain feedback and improvements on the draft that has been prepared,” explained Tutuka, as reported by Dunia-Energi.com on Friday, June 17, 2022.