According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), copper is the most demanded mineral for raw materials in energy transition supporting technologies.
These technologies include solar power plants, wind power, electric vehicles, batteries, and so on.
Based on IEA data, the global demand for copper for energy transition purposes reached 6.37 million tons in 2023.
Other minerals with high demand include graphite, nickel, lithium, cobalt, and rare earth metals, with volumes as shown in the graph.
The IEA also projects that demand will continue to increase until 2040.
"The accelerating pace of the energy transition will significantly increase the demand for minerals," said the IEA in its *Global Critical Minerals Outlook 2024* report.
Of these six critical minerals, Indonesia possesses significant reserves of copper, nickel, and cobalt.
Indonesia is even among the countries with the largest global reserves of copper, nickel, and cobalt.
However, Indonesia's graphite, lithium, and rare earth metal resources are not listed among the global top reserves.