53% of Indonesian Workers Receive Salaries Below the Minimum Wage in Early 2025

According to a report by the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), in February 2025, there were approximately 54.06 million laborers, employees, or workers in Indonesia.

These terms—laborers, employees, or workers—have the same definition: someone who works for another person and receives wages or a salary.

Workers without a permanent employer are not included in this group but are classified as independent workers.

A person is considered to have a permanent employer if they worked for the same employer during the last month of the survey.

Of the total Indonesian employees in February 2025, 28.53 million people (52.78%) received salaries below the provincial minimum wage (UMP).

Meanwhile, a smaller number, 25.53 million people (47.22%), received salaries above the UMP.

BPS recorded the average net salary received by Indonesian laborers, employees, or workers in February 2025 as Rp3.09 million per month. Meanwhile, the national average UMP for 2025 reached Rp3.31 million per month.

Previously, based on the Manpower Law Number 13 of 2003, every business entity was prohibited from paying employees below the minimum wage.

However, this provision has been amended through the Job Creation Perppu Number 2 of 2022 (Chapter IV Employment Article 90B), so the minimum wage provision is exempted for micro and small businesses.

In other words, business entities categorized as micro and small can now pay employee salaries lower than the UMP.

Here is a breakdown of the UMP values in all Indonesian provinces in 2025, grouped by island:

1. UMP in Sumatra in 2025

• Aceh: Rp3,685,616
• North Sumatra: Rp2,992,559
• West Sumatra: Rp2,994,193
• Riau: Rp3,508,776
• Jambi: Rp3,234,535
• South Sumatra: Rp3,681,571
• Bengkulu: Rp2,670,039
• Lampung: Rp2,893,070
• Bangka Belitung: Rp3,876,600
• Riau Islands: Rp3,623,654

2. UMP in Java in 2025

• DKI Jakarta: Rp5,396,761
• West Java: Rp2,191,232
• Central Java: Rp2,169,349
• Yogyakarta: Rp2,264,081
• East Java: Rp2,305,985
• Banten: Rp2,905,120

3. UMP in Bali-Nusa Tenggara in 2025

• Bali: Rp2,996,561
• West Nusa Tenggara: Rp2,602,931
• East Nusa Tenggara: Rp2,328,970

4. UMP in Kalimantan in 2025

• West Kalimantan: Rp2,878,286
• Central Kalimantan: Rp3,473,621
• South Kalimantan: Rp3,496,195
• East Kalimantan: Rp3,579,314
• North Kalimantan: Rp3,580,160

5. UMP in Sulawesi in 2025

• North Sulawesi: Rp3,775,425
• Central Sulawesi: Rp2,915,000
• South Sulawesi: Rp3,657,527
• Southeast Sulawesi: Rp3,073,552
• Gorontalo: Rp3,221,731
• West Sulawesi: Rp3,104,430

6. UMP in Maluku in 2025

• Maluku: Rp3,141,700
• North Maluku: Rp3,408,000

7. UMP in Papua in 2025

• West Papua: Rp3,615,000
• Southwest Papua: Rp3,614,000
• Papua: Rp4,285,850
• South Papua: Rp4,285,850
• Central Papua: Rp4,285,848
• Highland Papua: Rp4,285,850