Indonesia has a vast number of regulations, ranging from laws and government regulations to government regulations in lieu of laws and various other legal instruments.
Based on data compiled by *Databoks* from official government websites, as of October 13, 2023, Indonesia had approximately 382,607 regulations at various levels.
On the *peraturan.go.id* website, as of October 13, 2023, there were 15,226 central government regulations, 17,982 ministerial regulations, and 5,810 regulations from agencies/institutions.
To date, the *peraturan.go.id* website has not included the number of regulations at the regional level.
Data on regional-level regulations are recorded elsewhere, namely on the *jdihn.go.id* website. As of October 13, 2023, there were 343,589 regional-level regulations, excluding legal products such as circular letters and cooperation agreements.
The figures above are subject to change at any time, should new regulations be enacted or data synchronization be updated.
According to Wicipto Setiadi, a Professor of Law at UPN Veteran Jakarta, the sheer number of regulations is a negative phenomenon.
"An excessive number of regulations, often referred to as overregulation, a flood of regulations, or regulatory obesity, can lead to poor-quality regulations, and increases the potential for the creation of inharmonious regulations," said Wicipto in his paper *Simplifikasi Regulasi dengan Menggunakan Metode Pendekatan Omnibus Law* (RechtsVinding Journal, Vol. 9 No. 1, April 2020).
"Poor regulations will result in conflicting regulations, overlaps, multiple interpretations, non-compliance with principles, ineffectiveness, unnecessary burdens, and high costs," he continued.
According to Wicipto, at least three factors contribute to the proliferation of regulations in Indonesia.
"Firstly, many people believe that all legal problems can be solved by creating regulations. This mindset encourages a tendency to create regulations for even minor issues," he said.
"Secondly, every inspector or law enforcement officer, in carrying out their duties and functions, always questions the existence or absence of regulations as legal basis."
"Thirdly, in determining the budget, the Ministry of Finance often approves or disapproves ministerial or agency budgets based on the existence of regulations as a legal basis," he continued.