The majority of Sampang Regency's population in 2023 is of working age.

Based on 2023 data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), 616,160 or approximately 62.34% of the population in Sampang Regency are in the productive age group (15-59 years old). Meanwhile, 26.82% of the total population, or approximately 265,120, are children (aged 0-14 years), and the remaining 10.83% are residents over 60 years old.

The population of Sampang Regency in 2023 was recorded at 988,360. This figure increased compared to 2021 and is higher than in December 2020. Compared to the previous five years, the Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of this region is lower. The growth over the last five years was recorded at 0.41%.

In terms of nominal population compared to other regions in East Java Province, this regency/city ranks 21st. When grouped by island, this regency/city ranks 75th.

The following is the population by age group in Sampang Regency as of December 2023, sourced from the publication of the Central Statistics Agency (BPS):

* Age 0-4 years: 83,140 (8.41%)
* Age 5-9 years: 95,490 (9.66%)
* Age 10-14 years: 86,480 (8.75%)
* Age 15-19 years: 43,120 (4.36%)

* Age 20-24 years: 86,840 (8.79%)
* Age 25-29 years: 85,760 (8.68%)
* Age 30-34 years: 81,650 (8.26%)
* Age 35-39 years: 79,420 (8.04%)
* Age 40-44 years: 73,830 (7.47%)
* Age 45-49 years: 62,940 (6.37%)
* Age 50-54 years: 55,900 (5.66%)
* Age 55-59 years: 46,700 (4.73%)
* Age 60-64 years: 39,190 (3.97%)
* Age 65-69 years: 26,890 (2.72%)
* Age 70-74 years: 18,190 (1.84%)
* Age 75 years and over: 22,810 (2.31%)