5% of Central Java's population resides in Brebes Regency as of June 2024.

According to population data from the Directorate General of Population and Civil Registration (Dukcapil) of the Ministry of Home Affairs, the population of Central Java Province was 38.13 million as of June 2024.

Brebes Regency has the largest population in Central Java Province, at 2.05 million (5.39%) of the total population.

This is followed by Cilacap Regency with a population of 2.03 million (5.33%), Banyumas Regency with 1.86 million (4.87%), and Tegal Regency with 1.72 million (4.5%).

Meanwhile, Magelang City has the smallest population, at only 128,260 (0.34%).

Administratively, Central Java Province is divided into 6 cities and 29 regencies, with 17 districts comprising 5 urban villages and 292 villages.

Based on marital status, 50.88% of the population of Central Java Province is married, while 41.6% are unmarried. The population with the status of divorced and widowed reached 2.14% and 5.39%, respectively.

The following is a list of the 35 regencies/cities in Central Java Province according to Dukcapil data as of June 2024.

1. Brebes Regency: 2.05 million (5.39%)
2. Cilacap Regency: 2.03 million (5.33%)
3. Banyumas Regency: 1.86 million (4.87%)
4. Tegal Regency: 1.72 million (4.5%)
5. Semarang City: 1.7 million (4.45%)
6. Pemalang Regency: 1.58 million (4.14%)
7. Grobogan Regency: 1.51 million (3.97%)
8. Kebumen Regency: 1.43 million (3.76%)
9. Pati Regency: 1.38 million (3.61%)
10. Magelang Regency: 1.33 million (3.49%)
11. Klaten Regency: 1.3 million (3.4%)
12. Jepara Regency: 1.26 million (3.32%)
13. Demak Regency: 1.25 million (3.27%)
14. Boyolali Regency: 1.1 million (2.9%)
15. Kendal Regency: 1.08 million (2.84%)
16. Semarang Regency: 1.08 million (2.83%)
17. Wonogiri Regency: 1.07 million (2.81%)
18. Banjarnegara Regency: 1.06 million (2.78%)
19. Purbalingga Regency: 1.05 million (2.74%)
20. Sragen Regency: 1.02 million (2.67%)
21. Pekalongan Regency: 1.02 million (2.66%)
22. Karanganyar Regency: 950,780 (2.49%)
23. Wonosobo Regency: 935,670 (2.45%)
24. Blora Regency: 921,470 (2.42%)
25. Sukoharjo Regency: 911,750 (2.39%)
26. Kudus Regency: 873,430 (2.29%)
27. Batang Regency: 841,000 (2.21%)
28. Temanggung Regency: 817,480 (2.14%)
29. Purworejo Regency: 807,790 (2.12%)
30. Rembang Regency: 659,600 (1.73%)
31. Surakarta City: 587,650 (1.54%)
32. Pekalongan City: 317,960 (0.83%)
33. Tegal City: 292,780 (0.77%)
34. Salatiga City: 201,370 (0.53%)
35. Magelang City: 128,260 (0.34%)