Jakarta Air Quality Unhealthy for Sensitive Groups This Morning: Last 8 Hours Summary (Sunday, October 1, 2023)

Jakarta's air quality on Sunday, October 1st, 2023, at 9:00 AM WIB was recorded as unhealthy, with PM2.5 concentrations 3.8 times the WHO's safe standard. This concentration is unhealthy for sensitive groups.

According to the Ministry of Environment and Forestry (KLHK)'s Air Pollutant Standard Index (ISPU) page, Jakarta's average air quality index was 99, with an average PM2.5 concentration of 56.9 µg/m³ (micrograms per cubic meter) at 9:00 AM WIB.

According to the WHO, good air quality has an average 24-hour PM2.5 concentration range of 0 to 15 µg/m³.

The lowest PM2.5 concentration in Jakarta's air was 21.1 µg/m³ at 2:00 AM WIB, while the highest PM2.5 concentration was 61.0 µg/m³ at 8:00 AM WIB.

Quoting the Meteorology, Climatology, and Geophysics Agency (BMKG) website, PM2.5 are small airborne particles measuring 2.5 microns or about 3% of the diameter of a human hair.

Sources of PM2.5 include emissions from the combustion of gasoline, oil, wood, and other fuels. Long-term effects of PM2.5 exposure on the human body include premature death, chronic heart and lung disease, and reduced lung function in children.

For information, BMKG categorizes PM2.5 air pollution levels as follows:

* Good: 0 - 15.5 µg/m³
* Moderate: 15.6 - 55.4 µg/m³
* Unhealthy: 55.5 - 150.4 µg/m³
* Very Unhealthy: 150.5 - 250.4 µg/m³
* Hazardous: >250.5 µg/m³