List of Motifs of Violations of Freedom of Expression in the Indonesian Digital Sphere, Second Quarter 2025

Southeast Asia Freedom of Expression Network (SAFEnet)'s monitoring of media and complaint platforms in Indonesia during April-June (Q2) 2025 recorded 29 cases of freedom of expression violations in the digital realm.

According to SAFEnet, these cases were distributed as follows: 14 in April, 7 in May, and 8 in June. A total of 36 individuals were reported as victims or those affected.

"This represents a decrease of 5 cases compared to the previous quarter (34 cases). However, the number of individuals affected increased by 4 compared to the previous quarter (32 individuals)," SAFEnet stated in a report released on Wednesday, July 30, 2025.

In Q2 2025, personal motives or issues were the most frequent underlying cause of freedom of expression violations, accounting for 7 cases, followed by political motives with 6 cases.

The following breakdown details the motives or issues behind freedom of expression violations in the digital realm during Q2 2025:

• Personal: 7 cases
• Political: 6 cases
• Social identity factors: 3 cases
• Corruption/collusion/nepotism (KKN): 3 cases
• Agrarian/environmental: 2 cases
• Economic: 2 cases
• Public service: 2 cases
• Violence: 1 case
• Sexual violence: 1 case
• Labor: 1 case
• Sports: 1 case

SAFEnet reports that during the April-June 2025 period, Article 27A of the Indonesian Electronic Information and Transaction Law (UU ITE) was the most frequently used legal basis for reporting or criminalization, cited in 9 cases. In 10 cases, the specific article of the UU ITE was not specified.