Israel possesses various advanced military technologies, one of which is the *Iron Dome*, capable of intercepting enemy missile attacks.
According to the Congressional Research Service (CRS), the production of the *Iron Dome* has been financially supported by the United States government for the past decade.
"To date, the U.S. has provided nearly US$3 billion to Israel for Iron Dome batteries, interceptor missiles, joint production costs, and general maintenance," stated the CRS in its report *U.S. Foreign Aid to Israel* (March 2023).
Based on the CRS explanation, the *Iron Dome* is an anti-rocket defense system initially produced by Rafael Advanced Defense Systems, an Israeli company.
The *Iron Dome* system can launch interceptor missiles to destroy other missiles targeting populated areas in Israel, with a claimed success rate of 97%.
Given its sophistication, the U.S. government became interested in studying the Iron Dome technology.
"Because the *Iron Dome* was developed by Israel, they initially retained ownership of the technology," said the CRS.
"Then, as U.S. policy began providing financial support for *Iron Dome* development in Israel in 2011, the U.S. became interested in becoming a production partner. The U.S. Congress encouraged the transfer of *Iron Dome* technology and joint Israel-U.S. production," it continued.
The U.S. and Israeli governments subsequently signed an agreement for the production of *Iron Dome* components in the U.S., starting in 2014. Production is jointly undertaken by Rafael (Israel) and Raytheon (U.S.).
The CRS also noted that between 2011 and 2023, the U.S. government allocated a total of US$2.9 billion for the cooperative development and production of the *Iron Dome* with Israel. Details of the annual budget allocation can be seen in the chart above.
"The U.S. effort to acquire *Iron Dome* technology was undertaken amid concerns among members of Congress about a lack of capability to protect U.S. troops overseas from potential missile attacks," said the CRS.