Concession Areas in Indonesia's Peat Ecosystems Are Vulnerable to Flooding, Especially Oil Palm Plantations

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Akbar Ridwan 19/09/2025 14:25 WIB

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According to the Pantau Gambut study, concession areas within hydrological peat units (HPUs) in Indonesia are vulnerable to flooding. Oil palm concessions exhibit the highest vulnerability.

Total Flood-Prone Area in the Concession Area within the Indonesian Peat Hydrological Unit (2025)

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Concession Areas in Indonesia's Peat Ecosystems Are Vulnerable to Flooding, Especially Oil Palm Plantations

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Total Flood-Prone Area in the Concession Area within the Indonesian Peat Hydrological Unit (2025)

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According to the Pantau Gambut study, concession areas within hydrological peatland units (KHG) in Indonesia are prone to flooding.

Concession areas are lands whose management rights are granted by the government to other parties. KHG refers to peat ecosystems located between two rivers, between a river and the sea, and/or swamps.

Pantau Gambut found that the concession areas within KHG most vulnerable to flooding are those with oil palm plantation concessions (Hak Guna Usaha or HGU) status.

Vulnerability was also found in areas with forest utilization business permits (PBPH) categorized as industrial forest plantations, natural forests, and ecosystem restoration areas.

The following details the total area vulnerable to flooding in concession areas within Indonesian KHG:

Oil palm HGU: 4.31 million hectares (ha)
PBPH - Industrial forest plantations: 2.55 million ha
Natural forests: 1 million ha
Ecosystem restoration: 374,606 ha

According to Pantau Gambut, the flood vulnerability in these areas is caused by human activities, not natural phenomena.

"Flooding in peatlands is not part of the natural hydrological cycle, but rather an ecological impact of human activities," stated Pantau Gambut in their report (August 2025).

"This phenomenon is a result of changes in landscape management, including the government's role in issuing permits followed by extractive company activities," they continued.

Pantau Gambut explained that extractive activities in peatlands damage the ecosystem, rendering the land unable to absorb water.

As a result, water that should be stored in the peatland is prone to flowing out, creating overflow flooding into surrounding areas.

According to Pantau Gambut, this problem is partly due to suboptimal peat protection regulations.

"Peat protection efforts face serious challenges from a suboptimal regulatory framework and ineffective law enforcement," they said.

"The absence of a special law on peat makes government regulations vulnerable to being overruled by higher-level laws. This even leads to interpretations that may allow activities in protected peatland areas, as regulated by the Job Creation Law," they continued.

Editor : Adi Ahdiat

"Disclosure: This is an AI-generated translation of the original article. We strive for accuracy, but please note that automated translations may contain errors or slight inconsistencies."

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Concession Areas in Indonesia's Peat Ecosystems Are Vulnerable to Flooding, Especially Oil Palm Plantations

Concession Areas in Indonesia's Peat Ecosystems Are Vulnerable to Flooding, Especially Oil Palm Plantations

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Concession Areas in Indonesia's Peat Ecosystems Are Vulnerable to Flooding, Especially Oil Palm Plantations

Concession Areas in Indonesia's Peat Ecosystems Are Vulnerable to Flooding, Especially Oil Palm Plantations

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Related Data

Impact of the Sumatra Disaster, Indonesia's GDP Could Decrease by IDR 68 Trillion

Tropical Cyclone Senyar Claims Nearly 1,000 Lives in Southeast Asia

Aceh, North Sumatra, and West Sumatra Hit by Tens to Hundreds of Disasters Every Year

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272 People Died Due to Disaster in Aceh, Here's the Distribution (December 4, 2025)

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