West Java Has the Highest Number of Circular Workers in Indonesia in 2024

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Nabilah Muhamad 22/08/2025 12:49 WIB

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According to the Indonesian Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), 2.4% of Indonesian workers were circular migrants in 2024. West Java had the highest percentage, with 21.5% of its workforce being circu

Proportion of Circular Workers in 38 Indonesian Provinces (2024)

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Proportion of Circular Workers in 38 Indonesian Provinces (2024)

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Data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) shows that in 2024, there were 3.5 million people, or 2.4% of Indonesia's workforce, classified as circular workers.

Circular workers are workers who routinely travel to their workplace and return to their residence in a period of more than one day but less than one week, or routinely return to their residence for more than one week.

These workers do not intend to settle in their destination (such as seasonal workers), and their workplaces are constantly changing, crossing the administrative boundaries of regencies/cities.

"The phenomenon of circular workers reflects the population's adaptation to the imbalance in the distribution of resources and economic opportunities between their place of residence and their workplace," wrote the BPS in its report, Analysis of Labor Mobility from the 2024 Sakernas.

In 2024, West Java had the highest percentage of circular workers, at 21.5% of the total workforce in the region. This was followed by Central Java, East Java, and South Kalimantan in the top 10.

The following is a list of the 10 provinces with the highest national percentage of circular workers in 2025:

1. West Java: 25.1%

2. Central Java: 19.5%

3. East Java: 12.4%

4. Banten: 6.5%

5. South Sulawesi: 3.9%

6. North Sumatra: 3.8%

7. Lampung: 2.9%

8. South Sumatra: 2.2%

9. Jakarta: 2.1%

10. South Kalimantan: 1.7%

Meanwhile, the lowest proportion of circular workers was in Central Papua and West Papua, at only 0.1% each.

"The inter-regional disparity in circular workers is also suspected to be due to the overall uneven distribution of the population and economic activity centers," wrote the BPS.

Editor : Erlina Fury Santika

"Disclosure: This is an AI-generated translation of the original article. We strive for accuracy, but please note that automated translations may contain errors or slight inconsistencies."

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West Java Has the Highest Number of Circular Workers in Indonesia in 2024

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