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Middle Class Consumption Growth to Be Lowest in 2025

Erlina Fury Santika 11/02/2026 18:10 WIB

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According to data from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS) processed by the Mandiri Institute, the growth in consumption of Indonesia's middle-class economy will be the lowest compared to other cl

The Growth of Per Capita Consumption by Economic Class in Indonesia (2025)

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The Growth of Per Capita Consumption by Economic Class in Indonesia (2025)

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According to data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) processed by the Mandiri Institute, the growth of per capita consumption in Indonesia's middle-class economy is the lowest compared to other classes.

In 2025, the growth was only 4.1% year-on-year (yoy).

Meanwhile, the upper class recorded the highest growth, namely 6.8% (yoy). This was followed by the vulnerable poor class (5%), the aspiring middle class (4.8%), and the poor (4.7%).

"The middle class's consumption is supported by non-food items, but tends to be lifestyle-driven," wrote the Mandiri Institute on its official Instagram account, Friday (6/2/2026).

The highest growth was driven by transportation expenses of 22.5% (yoy). According to the Mandiri Institute, this is in line with the public's short-distance holiday mobility behavior throughout 2025.

Meanwhile, the middle class's spending on non-food commodities grew resiliently at 6.4% in 2025, higher than 2024's 3.2%.

"However, the main driver is still related to lifestyle spending," wrote the Mandiri Institute.

Among the many durable goods purchased by the middle class, mobile phones experienced the highest growth, namely 31.2% (yoy). Then there are electronic goods (26.2%) and jewelry (25%).

This division of the economic classes follows the World Bank's definition, based on per capita monthly expenditure relative to the poverty line.

This means that the class size is not measured by income, but by how many times a person's expenditure exceeds the poverty line. The details are:

Poor: < 1x poverty line
Vulnerable: 1–1.5x poverty line
Aspiring middle class (AMC): 1.5–3.5x poverty line
Middle class: 3.5–17x poverty line
Upper class: >17x poverty line.

Editor : Erlina Fury Santika

"Disclosure: This is an AI-generated translation of the original article. We strive for accuracy, but please note that automated translations may contain errors or slight inconsistencies."

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Middle Class Consumption Growth to Be Lowest in 2025

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