27.79% of Rote Ndao Regency's population in 2023 was aged 0-14 years.

According to 2023 data from the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), 93,270 or approximately 61.52% of the population in Rote Ndao Regency are in the productive age group (15-59 years old). Meanwhile, 27.79% of the total population, or approximately 42,136, are children (aged 0-14 years), and the remaining 10.68% are residents over 60 years old.

The population of Rote Ndao Regency was recorded at 151,600 as of 2023. This represents an increase in population compared to previous years. Over the past five years, the Compound Annual Growth Rate (CAGR) of the population in this region decreased by 1.78%. This growth is lower than the growth recorded in the previous five years, which was 3.08%.

Compared to other regencies/cities in East Nusa Tenggara province, Rote Ndao Regency ranks 18th in terms of population. At the island level, it ranks 36th.

The following is the population by age group in Rote Ndao Regency as of December 2023, sourced from publications by the Central Statistics Agency (BPS):

* Age 0-4 years: 10,580 (6.98%)
* Age 5-9 years: 14,850 (9.8%)
* Age 10-14 years: 16,710 (11.02%)
* Age 15-19 years: 17,130 (11.3%)

* Age 20-24 years: 14,590 (9.62%)
* Age 25-29 years: 11,140 (7.35%)
* Age 30-34 years: 10,210 (6.73%)
* Age 35-39 years: 10,620 (7%)
* Age 40-44 years: 9,920 (6.55%)
* Age 45-49 years: 7,940 (5.24%)
* Age 50-54 years: 6,280 (4.14%)
* Age 55-59 years: 5,450 (3.59%)
* Age 60-64 years: 4,810 (3.17%)
* Age 65-69 years: 3,750 (2.48%)
* Age 70-74 years: 3,070 (2.03%)
* Age 75 years and over: 4,560 (3.01%)