What Causes Indonesian Football Supporters to Act Violently? This Survey Reveals!

The Indonesian Survey Institute (LSI) released a report titled *Football Problems and Political Choices*, September 2023 edition.

The report documents several reasons for the violent actions of football supporters.

As a result, the majority, or 36.3% of respondents, considered that the main cause of supporter riots was supporters provoking each other.

"Then, audience unawareness of the rules (17.1%) and referee leadership (12%) were most frequently cited as the main causes of supporters acting violently," wrote LSI in its report on Wednesday (4/10/2023).

In addition, respondents cited other causes for violent supporter behavior, such as indications of match-fixing (5.9%), economic factors and family problems (4.8%), and other causes (6%).

So, what is the PSSI's stance on handling violent actions by supporters?

In the same survey, LSI found that 48.5% of respondents stated that the PSSI has not been firm enough against supporters who act violently.

On the other hand, 34.1% of respondents considered that the PSSI has been firm in handling these incidents.

The LSI survey involved 1,206 respondents aged 17 and over who were married during the survey period. The sample was selected using the random digit dialing (RDD) method.

Data collection was conducted from September 18-20, 2023, using telephone interviews by trained interviewers. The survey has a margin of error of approximately 2.9% and a 95% confidence level.

(See also: Jail Considered Appropriate Punishment for Football Mafia)