Uneven Distribution: What is the Ratio of Community Health Centers (Puskesmas) per Subdistrict in Each Province of Indonesia?

According to the 2018 Indonesian Health Profile Data and Information, the ratio of community health centers (puskesmas) in Indonesia per sub-district is 1.39. However, when narrowed down to each province, the distribution of puskesmas is uneven. Seventeen provinces in Indonesia still have a puskesmas-to-sub-district ratio below the national ratio.

Papua and West Papua provinces have the lowest ratio, with 0.73 puskesmas per sub-district. Other provinces with ratios below the national average are North Kalimantan (1.06), North Sulawesi (1.13), Central Sulawesi (1.15), North Maluku (1.17), Riau Islands (1.19), and Aceh (1.2). In addition, Gorontalo (1.21), East Nusa Tenggara (1.23), Riau (1.3), Southeast Sulawesi (1.3), North Sumatra (1.31), Lampung (1.32), Bangka Belitung (1.36), West Sulawesi (1.36), and Jambi (1.38) also fall below the national average.

The province with the highest ratio is DKI Jakarta, with 7.3 puskesmas per sub-district. This ratio in Jakarta has a difference of 5.19 from the province in second place, Bali, with a ratio of 2.11. For information, Article 9 paragraph 1 of the Minister of Health Regulation Number 75 of 2004 states that a puskesmas must be established in each sub-district.