Top 10 Provinces with the Highest Inequality in March 2023: Yogyakarta Remains First

DI Yogyakarta remained the province with the highest economic inequality in Indonesia in March 2023. This inequality was measured using the Gini ratio, on a scale of 0-1 points, released by the Central Statistics Agency (BPS).

Yogyakarta's Gini ratio was recorded at 0.449 points in March 2023. This figure actually decreased from September 2022, when it was 0.459 points.

Nevertheless, this remained the highest among the 33 other provinces. In fact, Yogyakarta's Gini ratio in September 2022 was also the highest in Indonesia.

(Also read: Yogyakarta, Province with the Highest Inequality in September 2022)

The province with the second-highest inequality was DKI Jakarta, with a Gini ratio of 0.431 points in March 2023. This figure increased from 0.412 points in September 2022.

Third was West Java, with a Gini ratio of 0.425 points in March 2023. This also increased from the previous period, which was 0.412 in September 2022.

Gorontalo followed in fourth place with a Gini ratio of 0.417 points in March 2023. Unlike the top three provinces, Gorontalo experienced a decrease in its Gini ratio from September 2022, when it was 0.423 points.

Fifth was East Java, with a Gini ratio of 0.387 points in March 2023. This figure increased from the previous period, which was 0.365 points in September 2022.

Besides the top five, the Gini ratio per province was below 0.387, reaching as low as 0.245 points.

The provinces with the lowest Gini ratios in Indonesia in March 2023 were Bangka Belitung (0.245); North Kalimantan (0.277); and West Sumatra (0.280).

The Gini ratio or Gini coefficient is measured on a scale of 0 to 1 points. According to the Bappenas website, a Gini ratio of 0 points indicates perfect equality, meaning that all residents have the same per capita expenditure.

A Gini coefficient of 1 point indicates perfect inequality, meaning only one resident has per capita expenditure, and the others have none.

"Thus, the higher the Gini coefficient, the higher the level of inequality in a region," wrote Bappenas on its official website.

Here is a complete list of Gini ratios in Indonesia's 34 provinces as of March 2023:

1. DI Yogyakarta 0.449 points
2. DKI Jakarta 0.431 points
3. West Java 0.425 points
4. Gorontalo 0.417 points
5. East Java 0.387 points
6. Papua 0.386 points
7. South Sulawesi 0.377 points
8. West Nusa Tenggara 0.375 points
9. Southeast Sulawesi 0.371 points
10. North Sulawesi 0.37 points
11. West Papua 0.37 points
12. Central Java 0.369 points
13. Banten 0.368 points
14. Bali 0.362 points
15. West Sulawesi 0.351 points
16. Jambi 0.343 points
17. Riau Islands 0.34 points
18. South Sumatra 0.338 points
19. Bengkulu 0.333 points
20. East Nusa Tenggara 0.325 points
21. Riau 0.324 points
22. Lampung 0.324 points
23. East Kalimantan 0.322 points
24. West Kalimantan 0.321 points
25. Central Kalimantan 0.317 points
26. South Kalimantan 0.313 points
27. North Sumatra 0.309 points
28. Central Sulawesi 0.304 points
29. North Maluku 0.3 points
30. Aceh 0.296 points
31. Maluku 0.288 points
32. West Sumatra 0.28 points
33. North Kalimantan 0.277 points
34. Bangka Belitung 0.245 points

(Also read: Economic Inequality in Indonesia Increased in March 2023)