Per Capita GNI Falls, Indonesia Returns to Lower-Middle-Income Country Status

Indonesia's gross national income (GNI) per capita was US$3,870 in 2020, down from US$4,050 the previous year. This relegated Indonesia back to the lower-middle-income country group.

According to the World Bank, the decline in Indonesia's GNI per capita was due to the COVID-19 coronavirus pandemic. Last year's figure was only slightly above the minimum threshold for the upper-middle-income category. Therefore, this decrease caused Indonesia to drop to a lower category.

Several other countries also moved to the lower-middle-income category, including Belize, Iran, and Samoa. Meanwhile, Mauritius, Panama, and Romania dropped from the high-income category to the upper-middle-income category.

The World Bank classifies countries based on GNI per capita. Countries with a GNI per capita of US$1,046-4,095 are categorized as lower-middle-income, and those with US$4,096-12,695 are categorized as upper-middle-income.

Countries with a GNI per capita above US$12,695 are in the high-income group. Some examples include Australia, Brunei Darussalam, Singapore, the United Arab Emirates, the United States, and the majority of European countries.