Number of Civilian Casualties Due to Violence and Armed Conflict in Papua Throughout 2022

The Democracy Alliance Report for Papua (ALDP) indicates at least 53 cases of armed violence and conflict occurred in Papua throughout 2022.

Of these, 47 cases occurred in Papua Province and 6 in West Papua Province.

The conflict with the highest death toll occurred in Sorong, West Papua, with 19 fatalities on January 24, 2022. Police attributed the incident to a misunderstanding between two civilian groups.

Second was Puncak, Papua, where the ALDP documented at least 15 incidents in 2022, resulting in 14 deaths.

Third was Nduga, Papua. Similar to Puncak, incidents in Nduga were sporadic, totaling 4 conflict cases with 14 fatalities.

The ALDP notes that the number of incidents decreased from 2021 (63 cases), but the number of victims was significantly higher and more diverse in terms of age, profession, and ethnicity. Violence occurred in many locations, including public spaces.

"Crossfire occurred not only at checkpoints but also in markets, on main roads, and at public service facilities for a considerable duration," wrote the ALDP in its report received by *Databoks* on Monday, February 27, 2023.

The conflict in Papua is complex. Victims and perpetrators often involve civilians, security forces, and the West Papua National Liberation Army (TPNPB). Several instances of violence or shootings were also attributed to unidentified perpetrators (OTK).

The following details the locations of conflicts, number of victims, and suspected perpetrators compiled by the ALDP in Papua throughout 2022:

West Papua Province

* Sorong (1 case): 19 fatalities resulting from conflict between civilians.
* Maybrat (3 cases): 4 civilian deaths by TPNPB; 5 civilian gunshot wounds (4 by TPNPB, 1 by TNI);
* Manokwari (2 cases): 1 fatality (by TNI); 2 gunshot wounds; 1 TNI fatality (by TNI); 1 civilian gunshot wound (by OTK).

Papua Province

* Wamena (2 cases): 1 fatality and 21 injuries due to conflict between civilians; 1 Brimob fatality (by OTK).
* Pegunungan Bintang (4 cases): 4 fatalities (3 civilians, 1 TNI); 2 Brimob gunshot wounds (by TPNPB).
* Yalimo (2 cases): 2 fatalities (1 TNI, 1 civilian); 1 civilian slash wound (by OTK).
* Puncak (15 cases): 14 fatalities (3 TNI, 11 civilians); 8 gunshot wounds (5 TNI, 3 civilians) by TPNPB; 3 fatalities (1 civilian, 2 TPNPB); 6 civilian assaults (by TNI); 2 civilian fatalities (by OTK).
* Intan Jaya (5 cases): 1 civilian fatality; 1 TNI gunshot wound (by TPNPB); 1 civilian gunshot wound (by TNI).
* Yahukimo (3 cases): 2 civilian fatalities; 2 civilian gunshot wounds (by Polri); 2 Polri injuries from thrown objects (by civilians); 1 civilian fatality (by TPNPB).
* Nduga (4 cases): 14 fatalities (3 TNI, 11 civilians); 9 TNI injuries (by TPNPB).
* Nabire (1 case): 1 TPNPB fatality (by TNI/Polri).
* Dogiyai (1 case): No fatalities.
* Deiyai (1 case): 1 civilian fatality (by OTK).
* Paniai (2 cases): 1 civilian fatality; 1 civilian gunshot wound (by Polri); 2 Polri injuries from thrown objects (by civilians); 9 assaults (8 civilians, 1 TNI) by TPNPB.
* Merauke (1 case): 1 TNI fatality (by TNI).
* Lanny Jaya (1 case): 1 TNI fatality (by TNI).
* Timika (1 case): 4 civilian fatalities (by TNI and civilians).
* Mappi (2 cases): 2 civilian fatalities; 10 civilian injuries (by TNI); 1 civilian slash wound (by civilians).
* Keerom (1 case): 3 civilian assaults (by TNI).
* Yapen (1 case): 1 civilian fatality (by TPNPB).

(Note: TNI refers to the Indonesian National Armed Forces, Polri refers to the Indonesian National Police, and OTK refers to unidentified perpetrators.)