The Percentage of Social Forestry in Indonesia by Scheme: Customary Forests Show the Lowest Percentage

According to data from the Ministry of Forestry (Kemenhut), as of September 4, 2025, the area of social forestry in Indonesia reached 8.32 million hectares.

Social forestry is a sustainable forest management system implemented in state forest areas or customary/adat forests by local communities or customary law communities. This is stipulated in the Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry Number 9 of 2021 concerning the Management of Social Forestry.

Based on the scheme, social forestry is divided into five categories: customary forest (hutan adat), village forest (hutan desa), community plantation forest (hutan tanaman rakyat), community forestry (hutan kemasyarakatan), and forest partnership (kemitraan kehutanan).

Community forestry has the highest proportion, while customary forest has the lowest.

The following are the percentages of social forestry in Indonesia from 2007-2025 based on the scheme:

• Community Forestry: 35.71% (3,444 decrees)
• Community Plantation Forest: 29.39% (2,835 decrees)
• Village Forest: 22.08% (2,130 decrees)
• Forest Partnership: 11.33% (1,093 decrees)
• Customary Forest: 1.48% (143 decrees)

Referring to the Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry Number 9 of 2021, community forestry is a forest area whose primary use is intended to empower the community.

Community plantation forest is a plantation forest in production forests built by community groups to improve the potential and quality of production forests by applying silviculture systems in order to guarantee the sustainability of forest resources.

Village forest is a forest area that has not been burdened with permits, managed by the village and utilized for village welfare.

Forest partnership involves the party holding a business permit for forest utilization or the holder of an agreement for the use of forest areas with partners/communities to utilize forests in protected forest areas or production forest areas.

Meanwhile, customary forest is defined as a forest located within the territory of a customary law community.