Proportion of Commuter Workers in 38 Indonesian Provinces in 2024

According to data from the Central Bureau of Statistics (BPS), in 2024 there were 7.6 million commuter workers in Indonesia, equivalent to 5.2% of the total national workforce.

Commuter workers are individuals who commute daily to work outside their district/city of residence.

"The phenomenon of daily commuting is one indicator of the widening reach of the labor market," wrote the BPS in its report.

According to the BPS, commuter work activities are more common in densely populated areas with good transportation access, such as metropolitan areas.

In 2024, Jakarta had the highest proportion of commuter workers, at 16.8% of the total workforce in the region.

The following is a list of the 10 provinces with the highest proportion of commuter workers in 2024:

1. Jakarta: 16.8%

2. Yogyakarta Special Region: 12.9%

3. Banten: 9.4%

4. Bali: 9.4%

5. West Java: 8.2%

6. South Kalimantan: 5.5%

7. North Sumatra: 5.3%

8. Central Java: 5.1%

9. North Sulawesi: 5%

10. Gorontalo: 4.7%

On the other hand, the lowest proportion of commuter workers is generally found in the provinces of Papua Island, North Kalimantan, Central Kalimantan, and North Maluku, with figures less than 1%.

The BPS assesses that this condition reflects geographical challenges and limited access that make it difficult for workers to find jobs outside their district/city of residence.