Trend of Alleged Human Rights Violations related to the Implementation of National Strategic Projects in Indonesia 2020-2023

Throughout the 2020-2023 period, the National Commission on Human Rights (Komnas HAM) received 114 complaints of alleged human rights violations related to National Strategic Projects (NSPs) in Indonesia.

During this period, the highest number of complaints occurred in 2020 with 34 cases, while the lowest was in 2021 with 24 cases.

According to Komnas HAM, during 2020-2023, 95 of these cases indicated violations of the right to welfare, and 5 cases involved violations of the right to justice.

Meanwhile, out of 98 public complaints submitted to Komnas HAM, 72 complaints originated from vulnerable community groups.

"This means that alleged human rights violations resulting from NSPs have a collective impact or are experienced by community groups, including indigenous communities," Komnas HAM explained in its report.

Previously, Komnas HAM Commissioner Saurlin P. Siagian presented a report on alleged human rights violations related to NSPs at the Constitutional Court (MK) on Tuesday (October 7, 2025).

He conveyed this during the judicial review hearing of Law No. 6 of 2023 concerning the Ratification of Government Regulation in Lieu of Law No. 2 of 2022 concerning Job Creation (Job Creation Law).

According to Saurlin, the patterns of alleged human rights violations in the implementation of NSPs are consistently recurring, including forced evictions, inadequate compensation, criminalization of citizens, and environmental degradation.

"Concrete examples we presented include the Wadas case, the Rempang case, the Mandalika case, the opening of food estates in Papua, and the Morowali industrial area," he said, as quoted by Katadata.co.id.