According to Indonesia Corruption Watch (ICW) monitoring, throughout 2023 there were 1,649 corruption criminal cases in Indonesia involving 1,718 defendants.
Based on occupational background, the majority, or 252 defendants, came from the private sector.
"This is a new finding, because for the past five years the private sector cluster has always been ranked 2nd or 3rd," wrote ICW in its *2023 Verdict Trend Report*.
Next, there were 207 corruption defendants who were regional government (pemda) employees, 139 village heads, and 51 village officials.
According to ICW, the prevalence of corruption within regional and village governments indicates suboptimal oversight.
"Bureaucratic corruption in regional governments is alarming. This naturally calls into question the role of inspectorates, particularly in terms of carrying out their supervisory and preventive functions against corruption," wrote ICW.
There were also corruption defendants who were employees (49 people); state-owned enterprise (BUMN) employees (43 people); regional-owned enterprise (BUMD) employees (26 people); legislators (16 people); regional heads (13 people); and BUMD officials (10 people).
ICW also found that 96.6% of the total corruption defendants in 2023 were over 30 years old, while 3.4% were under 30.