According to the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP), in 2022 the average global household generated 79 kilograms (kg) of food waste per capita per year.
Combined, the total volume is estimated to reach 631 million tons annually.
"Food waste demonstrates market failure, resulting in the wasting of food worth more than US$1 trillion annually," according to the UNEP's Food Waste Index Report 2024.
"Food waste is also an environmental failure, generating approximately 8–10 percent of total global greenhouse gas emissions," it continues.
UNEP states that, based on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), countries worldwide have a responsibility to halve per capita food waste and reduce food loss across the supply chain by 2030.
"To drive the necessary action in food waste reduction, it's crucial to understand how much food waste exists," says UNEP.
"Measuring food waste allows countries to understand the scale of the problem, providing a baseline for measuring progress," it continues.
However, not all countries currently have complete food waste data, including Indonesia.
According to data compiled by UNEP, there are only a few reports on Indonesian food waste. These are only at the regional level and are not nationally representative.
From the limited samples available, Indonesian food waste is recorded as lower than the global average, ranging from 20 kg to 77 kg/capita/year.
The most waste is generated by residents on Java Island, and the least on Bali Island. The details are as follows:
* Surabaya, East Java (2015): 77 kg/capita/year
* Depok, West Java (2022): 69 kg/capita/year
* Cirebon, West Java (2022): 68 kg/capita/year
* Purbalingga, Central Java (2022): 58 kg/capita/year
* Bogor, West Java (2022): 55 kg/capita/year
* Cianjur, West Java (2022): 53 kg/capita/year
* Pekalongan, Central Java (2022): 35 kg/capita/year
* Karangasem, Bali (2022): 32 kg/capita/year
* Buleleng, Bali (2022): 20 kg/capita/year