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Jardine Cycle & Carriage Ltd (JC&C) was the majority shareholder of PT Astra International Tbk (ASII), holding a 50.11 percent stake in 2015. Jardine has controlled this largest automotive company in Indonesia since 2009. Following the 1997-1999 financial crisis, ownership of Astra International transferred from the Soeryadjaya family to JC&C.
JC&C is a publicly listed company on the Singapore Exchange and a subsidiary of Jardine Strategic Holdings Ltd, listed in London, with a 74 percent ownership stake. Jardine Strategic Holdings Ltd, in turn, is a subsidiary of Jardine Matheson Holdings Limited, Bermuda, with a 56.4 percent ownership.
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