The majority of Central Java's population was Muslim in June 2021.

The Directorate General of Population and Civil Registration (Dukcapil) of the Ministry of Home Affairs (Kemendagri) recorded that the population of Central Java was 37.23 million as of June 2021. Of this number, 36.21 million (97.26%) are Muslim.

The population of Central Java who are Christian is 595,960 (1.6%). 349,300 (0.94%) of Central Java's population are Catholic.

Furthermore, 51,840 (0.14%) of Central Java's population are Buddhist. 14,670 (0.04%) of the province's population are Hindu.

There are also 1,390 (0.00%) of Central Java's population who are Confucians. Meanwhile, 6,350 (0.02%) of Central Java's population adhere to indigenous beliefs.

By gender, 18.74 million (50.35%) of Central Java's population are male. 18.49 million (49.65%) are female.

Based on marital status, 19.16 million (51.47%) of Central Java's population are married. 15.61 million (41.94%) of the population in the province led by Ganjar Pranowo are unmarried.

Then, there are 1.76 million (4.73%) of Central Java's population who are widowed. Meanwhile, 691,250 (1.86%) of Central Java's population are divorced.

Central Java is one of the provinces on the island of Java, covering an area of 32,800 square kilometers (km) with a population density of 1,135 people/km². Administratively, Central Java is divided into 29 regencies and 6 cities, comprising 576 sub-districts with 1,238 villages and 313 urban villages.