8% of East Nusa Tenggara's population resides in South Central Timor Regency as of December 2023.

According to population data from the Directorate General of Population and Civil Registration (Dukcapil) of the Ministry of Home Affairs, the population of East Nusa Tenggara Province reached 5.61 million in December 2023.

South Central Timor Regency has the largest population in East Nusa Tenggara Province, namely 475,350 (8.47%) of the total population.

Next is Kupang City with a population of 444,660 (7.93%), Kupang Regency with 388,880 (6.93%), and Manggarai Regency with 337,080 (6.01%).

Meanwhile, Central Sumba Regency is the regency/city with the smallest population, only 90,420 (1.61%).

Administratively, East Nusa Tenggara Province is divided into 1 city and 21 regencies, with 32 districts comprising 12 urban villages and 266 villages.

Based on marital status, 37.68% of the population of East Nusa Tenggara Province is married, while 58.63% are unmarried. The population with divorced and widowed statuses reached 0.27% and 3.42%, respectively.

The following is a list of the 22 regencies/cities in East Nusa Tenggara Province according to Dukcapil data in December 2023.

1. South Central Timor Regency: 475,350 (8.47%)
2. Kupang City: 444,660 (7.93%)
3. Kupang Regency: 388,880 (6.93%)
4. Manggarai Regency: 337,080 (6.01%)
5. Sikka Regency: 337,010 (6.01%)
6. Southwest Sumba Regency: 328,730 (5.86%)
7. East Flores Regency: 289,380 (5.16%)
8. East Manggarai Regency: 287,360 (5.12%)
9. Ende Regency: 280,330 (5.0%)
10. West Manggarai Regency: 278,180 (4.96%)
11. North Central Timor Regency: 272,100 (4.85%)
12. East Sumba Regency: 265,880 (4.74%)
13. Belu Regency: 230,360 (4.11%)
14. Alor Regency: 224,310 (4.0%)
15. Malaka Regency: 202,150 (3.6%)
16. Ngada Regency: 171,170 (3.05%)
17. Nagekeo Regency: 166,970 (2.98%)
18. Rote Ndao Regency: 151,600 (2.7%)
19. Lembata Regency: 145,930 (2.6%)
20. West Sumba Regency: 145,160 (2.59%)
21. Sabu Raijua Regency: 96,030 (1.71%)
22. Central Sumba Regency: 90,420 (1.61%)