There were 3,800 environmental crimes in 2023, the majority in plantations.

According to a report by the Central Statistics Agency (BPS), there were 3,835 environmental crimes in Indonesia throughout 2023, a 54% increase from the previous year's 2,492 cases.

The classification of crimes in this BPS report aligns with the Indonesian Criminal Code (KUHP) and the International Classification of Crime for Statistical Purposes (ICCS).

According to the ICCS, environmental crime is defined as any act that causes pollution and damage to natural resources, flora, and fauna.

In 2023, environmental crimes in Indonesia were most prevalent in the plantation sector, with 1,160 cases, followed by the oil and gas sector with 1,032 cases.

"These two categories together account for approximately 57% of all environmental crimes in 2023," wrote the BPS in its *2024 Crime Statistics* report.

Next are mineral and coal mining crimes (illegal mining) with 839 cases, forest destruction prevention and eradication crimes (illegal logging) with 560 cases, and fisheries crimes (illegal fishing) with 244 cases.

Throughout 2023, environmental crimes were most frequently recorded in the jurisdiction of the North Sumatra Regional Police (Polda), with 1,094 incidents.

This was followed by East Java Police with 339 incidents, South Sumatra Police with 203 incidents, and West Kalimantan Police with 164 incidents.

Meanwhile, the fewest reported environmental crimes were in West Papua with 8 incidents, West Sulawesi with 11 incidents, and Papua with 15 incidents.